Drug Information
| Drug General Information | Top | |||
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| Drug ID |
D0G8SQ
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| Former ID |
DNAP001716
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| Drug Name |
Levacecarnine hci
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| Synonyms |
Levocarnitine; L-carnitine; 541-15-1; vitamin BT; (R)-Carnitine; Carnitor; (-)-Carnitine; Carnitine; Karnitin; (-)-L-Carnitine; L-(-)-Carnitine; Levocarnitina; Carnitene; Levocarnitinum; Metina; L-Carnitine inner salt; Carniking; Carnovis; Carnitolo; Carnilean; Carrier; Lefcar; Carnitine, (-)-; L-carnitine Base; Levocarnitinum [Latin]; Levocarnitina [Spanish]; ST 198; L(-)-Carnitine; Carniking 50; (3R)-3-hydroxy-4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate; Levocarnitine [USAN:INN]; gamma-Trimethyl-beta-hydroxybutyrobetaine; bicarnesine; Nicetile (TN); L-Carnitine
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| Drug Type |
Small molecular drug
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| Indication | Cognitive impairment [ICD-11: 6D71; ICD-10: F00-F99] | Approved | [1] | |
| Nutritional deficiency [ICD-11: 5B50-5B71; ICD-10: E63.9] | Approved | [1], [2], [3] | ||
| Structure |
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Download2D MOL |
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| Formula |
C7H15NO3
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| Canonical SMILES |
C[N+](C)(C)CC(CC(=O)[O-])O
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| InChI |
1S/C7H15NO3/c1-8(2,3)5-6(9)4-7(10)11/h6,9H,4-5H2,1-3H3/t6-/m1/s1
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| InChIKey |
PHIQHXFUZVPYII-ZCFIWIBFSA-N
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| CAS Number |
CAS 541-15-1
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| PubChem Compound ID | ||||
| PubChem Substance ID |
2207, 3612, 841764, 7849237, 8145671, 8157930, 12125266, 15120307, 15171033, 24892238, 29279278, 46475651, 46505864, 48416167, 49747058, 49833446, 49867038, 53788226, 56312758, 56320717, 56320718, 57326565, 77300350, 85165027, 87565251, 91146345, 92308023, 93166761, 103332887, 103944816, 104324626, 115354359, 118307976, 124360711, 124757780, 124811873, 125164584, 126603600, 126608844, 131318133, 131549872, 134224069, 134338232, 134975930, 135692459, 136903840, 137003561, 141954380, 143433319, 143857297
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| ChEBI ID |
CHEBI:16347
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| ADReCS Drug ID | BADD_D01271 | |||
| SuperDrug ATC ID |
A16AA01
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| Interaction between the Drug and Microbe | Top | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Metabolism of Drug Affected by Studied Microbe(s) | ||||
| The Order in the Taxonomic Hierarchy of the following Microbe(s): Gut microbiota | ||||
| Studied Microbe: Gut microbiota unspecific | [4], [5] | |||
| Resulting Metabolite | Trimethylamine-N-oxide | |||
| Metabolic Effect | Increase toxicity | |||
| Description | Levocarnitine can be metabolized to Trimethylamine-N-oxide by gut microbiota, which results in the increase of the drug's toxicity. | |||
| Target and Pathway | Top | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Target(s) | Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase I (CPT1B) | Target Info | Activator | [6] |
| KEGG Pathway | Fatty acid degradation | |||
| Fatty acid metabolism | ||||
| PPAR signaling pathway | ||||
| AMPK signaling pathway | ||||
| Adipocytokine signaling pathway | ||||
| Glucagon signaling pathway | ||||
| Pathwhiz Pathway | Fatty acid Metabolism | |||
| Reactome | RORA activates gene expression | |||
| PPARA activates gene expression | ||||
| Import of palmitoyl-CoA into the mitochondrial matrix | ||||
| WikiPathways | SIDS Susceptibility Pathways | |||
| Mitochondrial LC-Fatty Acid Beta-Oxidation | ||||
| Nuclear Receptors Meta-Pathway | ||||
| PPAR Alpha Pathway | ||||
| Regulation of Lipid Metabolism by Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) | ||||
| Circadian Clock | ||||
| Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation | ||||
| AMPK Signaling | ||||
| References | Top | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| REF 1 | Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 2015 | |||
| REF 2 | URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 4780). | |||
| REF 3 | Emerging drugs in peripheral arterial disease. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2006 Mar;11(1):75-90. | |||
| REF 4 | Gut Microbiome and Response to Cardiovascular Drugs. Circ Genom Precis Med. 2019 Sep;12(9):421-429. | |||
| REF 5 | Toxicomicrobiomics: The Human Microbiome vs. Pharmaceutical, Dietary, and Environmental Xenobiotics. Front Pharmacol. 2020 Apr 16;11:390. | |||
| REF 6 | Central ghrelin regulates peripheral lipid metabolism in a growth hormone-independent fashion. Endocrinology. 2009 Oct;150(10):4562-74. | |||
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