Drug Information
| Drug General Information | Top | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Drug ID |
D0W8WB
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| Former ID |
DNC000303
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| Drug Name |
Berberine
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| Synonyms |
berberine; 2086-83-1; Berberin; Umbellatine; UNII-0I8Y3P32UF; 0I8Y3P32UF; CHEBI:16118; EINECS 218-229-1; Berberal; BRN 3570374; ST055798; 9,10-Dimethoxy-2,3-(methylenedioxy)-7,8,13,13a-tetrahydroberbinium; Benzo(g)-1,3-benzodioxolo(5,6-a)quinolizinium, 5,6-dihydro-9,10-dimethoxy-; 9,10-dimethoxy-5,6-dihydro[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]isoquino[3,2-a]isoquinolin-7-ium; Berbamine sulphate acid; CHEMBL12089; 7,8,13,13a-tetradehydro-9,10-dimethoxy-2,3-(methylenedioxy)berbinium; BERBINIUM, 7,8,13,13a-TETRAHYDRO-9,10-DIMETHOXY-2,3-(METHYLE
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| Drug Type |
Small molecular drug
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| Structure |
 |
Download2D MOL |
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| Formula |
C20H18NO4+
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| Canonical SMILES |
COC1=C(C2=C[N+]3=C(C=C2C=C1)C4=CC5=C(C=C4CC3)OCO5)OC
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| InChI |
1S/C20H18NO4/c1-22-17-4-3-12-7-16-14-9-19-18(24-11-25-19)8-13(14)5-6-21(16)10-15(12)20(17)23-2/h3-4,7-10H,5-6,11H2,1-2H3/q+1
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| InChIKey |
YBHILYKTIRIUTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| CAS Number |
CAS 2086-83-1
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| PubChem Compound ID | ||||
| PubChem Substance ID |
4019, 598412, 841172, 5424490, 5424491, 5609012, 7886143, 7927271, 8145003, 8151578, 10513274, 11112431, 11335440, 11360679, 11364004, 11366566, 11369128, 11371756, 11374369, 11377290, 11405445, 11405619, 11408710, 11447002, 11461651, 11466614, 11467734, 11484444, 11486387, 11488710, 11490434, 11492600, 11494924, 11537739, 12146010, 14777746, 22390066, 22391440, 26753128, 29221521, 33889979, 46487939, 46506051, 47365076, 47515214, 47515215, 47515216, 47662167, 47736364, 47810644
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| ChEBI ID |
CHEBI:16118
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| Interaction between the Drug and Microbe | Top | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Metabolism of Drug Affected by Studied Microbe(s) | ||||
| The Order in the Taxonomic Hierarchy of the following Microbe(s): Gut microbiota | ||||
| Studied Microbe: Gut microbiota unspecific | [1] | |||
| Metabolic Effect | Increase activity | |||
| Description | Berberine can be metabolized by gut microbiota, which results in the increase of the drug's activity. | |||
| The Abundace of Studied Microbe(s) Regulated by Drug | ||||
| The Order in the Taxonomic Hierarchy of the following Microbe(s): Bacteroidales | ||||
|
Studied Microbe: Bacteroides caccae
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Bacteroides caccae was increased by Berberine compared with placebo (p = 2.18E-05) and probiotics (p = 1.52E-05). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Bacteroides dorei
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Phocaeicola dorei was increased by Berberine compared with placebo and probiotics (p = 3.70E-04). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Bacteroides eggerthii
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Bacteroides eggerthii was increased by Berberine compared with probiotics (p = 1.32E-03). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Bacteroides finegoldii
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Bacteroides finegoldii was increased by Berberine compared with probiotics (p = 5.65E-03). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Bacteroides ovatus
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Bacteroides ovatus was increased by Berberine compared with placebo (p = 1.52E-03) and probiotics (p = 4.84E-02). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Parabacteroides merdae
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Parabacteroides merdae was increased by Berberine compared with placebo (p = 1.68E-03) and probiotics (p = 4.36E-03). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Prevotella copri
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Prevotella copri was increased by Berberine compared with probiotics (p = 1.54E-02). | |||
| The Order in the Taxonomic Hierarchy of the following Microbe(s): Bifidobacteriales | ||||
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Studied Microbe: Bifidobacterium adolescentis
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Bifidobacterium adolescentis was increased by Berberine compared with placebo (p = 6.72E-05) and probiotics (p = 3.82E-11). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Bifidobacterium catenulatum
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Bifidobacterium catenulatum was increased by Berberine compared with placebo (p = 8.93E-05) and probiotics (p = 2.64E-07). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Bifidobacterium longum
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Bifidobacterium longum was increased by Berberine compared with placebo (p = 1.48E-07) and probiotics (p = 1.13E-13). | |||
| The Order in the Taxonomic Hierarchy of the following Microbe(s): Burkholderiales | ||||
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Studied Microbe: Parasutterella excrementihominis
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Parasutterella excrementihominis was increased by Berberine compared with placebo (p = 1.40E-02). | |||
| The Order in the Taxonomic Hierarchy of the following Microbe(s): Coriobacteriales | ||||
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Studied Microbe: Collinsella aerofaciens
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Collinsella aerofaciens was increased by Berberine compared with placebo (p = 5.07E-08) and probiotics (p = 2.70E-11). | |||
| The Order in the Taxonomic Hierarchy of the following Microbe(s): Desulfovibrionales | ||||
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Studied Microbe: Bilophila wadsworthia
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Bilophila wadsworthia was increased by Berberine compared with placebo (p = 2.99E-03) and probiotics (p = 2.77E-04). | |||
| The Order in the Taxonomic Hierarchy of the following Microbe(s): Eggerthellales | ||||
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Studied Microbe: Eggerthella lenta
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Eggerthella lenta was increased by Berberine compared with placebo (p = 2.71E-09) and probiotics (p = 8.36E-09). | |||
| The Order in the Taxonomic Hierarchy of the following Microbe(s): Enterobacterales | ||||
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Studied Microbe: Citrobacter koseri
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|
[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Citrobacter koseri was increased by Berberine compared with placebo (p = 3.96E-04) and probiotics (p = 8.36E-07). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Citrobacter portucalensis
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Citrobacter portucalensis was increased by Berberine compared with placebo (p = 3.08E-03) and probiotics (p = 4.41E-04). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Enterobacter aerogenes
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Enterobacter aerogenes was increased by Berberine compared with placebo (p = 4.16E-02) and probiotics (p = 4.45E-03). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Enterobacter cloacae
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Enterobacter cloacae was increased by Berberine compared with placebo (p = 1.09E-03) and probiotics (p = 2.68E-04). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Enterobacter hormaechei
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Enterobacter hormaechei was increased by Berberine compared with placebo (p = 1.06E-02) and probiotics (p = 7.23E-03). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Enterobacteriaceae
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[3] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | C57BL/6 mice | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Clostridium difficile infection | |||
| Description | The abundance of Enterobacteriaceae was increased by Berberine. | |||
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Studied Microbe: Escherichia coli
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Escherichia coli was increased by Berberine compared with placebo (p = 1.06E-06) and probiotics (p = 3.20E-09). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Klebsiella oxytoca
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Klebsiella oxytoca was increased by Berberine compared with placebo (p = 7.42E-03) and probiotics (p = 3.65E-05). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Klebsiella pneumoniae
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Klebsiella pneumoniae was increased by Berberine compared with placebo (p = 6.37E-03). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Klebsiella variicola
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Klebsiella variicola was increased by Berberine compared with placebo (p = 1.09E-02) and probiotics (p = 2.79E-04). | |||
| The Order in the Taxonomic Hierarchy of the following Microbe(s): Erysipelotrichales | ||||
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Studied Microbe: Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum was increased by Berberine compared with placebo (p = 2.18E-05) and probiotics (p = 1.45E-05). | |||
| The Order in the Taxonomic Hierarchy of the following Microbe(s): Eubacteriales | ||||
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Studied Microbe: Anaerostipes caccae
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Anaerostipes caccae was increased by Berberine compared with placebo (p = 3.89E-02) and probiotics (p = 1.05E-02). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Anaerostipes hadrus
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Anaerostipes hadrus was increased by Berberine compared with placebo and probiotics (p = 1.89E-03). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Bacteroides pectinophilus
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Bacteroides pectinophilus was increased by Berberine compared with placebo (p = 1.53E-02) and probiotics (p = 3.86E-02). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Butyrivibrio crossotus
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Butyrivibrio crossotus was increased by Berberine compared with placebo and probiotics (p = 7.59E-03). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Clostridiaceae
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[3] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | C57BL/6 mice | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Clostridium difficile infection | |||
| Description | The abundance of Clostridiaceae was increased by Berberine. | |||
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Studied Microbe: Clostridium perfringens
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Clostridium perfringens was increased by Berberine compared with placebo (p = 4.64E-05) and probiotics (p = 3.11E-07). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Clostridium sp. HGF2
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Clostridium sp. HGF2 was increased by Berberine compared with placebo (p = 6.89E-08) and probiotics (p = 4.23E-08). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Clostridium sp. L2-50
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Clostridium sp. L2-50 was increased by Berberine compared with placebo (p = 1.98E-02). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Clostridium symbiosum
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Clostridium symbiosum was increased by Berberine compared with placebo (p = 4.85E-03). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Coprococcus eutactus
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Coprococcus eutactus was increased by Berberine compared with placebo (p = 3.04E-03) and probiotics (p = 7.48E-03). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Eubacterium eligens
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Lachnospira eligens was increased by Berberine compared with placebo and probiotics (p = 2.67E-02). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Faecalibacterium prausnitzii
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii was increased by Berberine compared with placebo (p = 1.45E-05) and probiotics (p = 3.67E-06). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Intestinibacter bartlettii
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Intestinibacter bartlettii was increased by Berberine compared with placebo (p = 2.63E-08) and probiotics (p = 3.28E-11). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Roseburia hominis
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Roseburia hominis was increased by Berberine compared with placebo (p = 2.88E-05) and probiotics (p = 1.00E-03). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Roseburia intestinalis
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Roseburia intestinalis was increased by Berberine compared with placebo (p = 2.93E-05) and probiotics (p = 1.10E-04). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Roseburia inulinivorans
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Roseburia inulinivorans was increased by Berberine compared with placebo (p = 2.42E-07) and probiotics (p = 6.29E-07). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Ruminococcus bromii
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Ruminococcus bromii was increased by Berberine compared with placebo (p = 1.47E-03) and with probiotics (p = 5.25E-05). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Ruminococcus gnavus
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Ruminococcus gnavus was increased by Berberine compared with placebo (p = 6.87E-05) and probiotics (p = 1.21E-06). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Subdoligranulum variabile
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Subdoligranulum variabile was increased by Berberine compared with probiotics (p = 2.58E-02). | |||
| The Order in the Taxonomic Hierarchy of the following Microbe(s): Veillonellales | ||||
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Studied Microbe: Dialister invisus
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Dialister invisus was increased by Berberine compared with placebo (p = 3.63E-03) and probiotics (p = 5.78E-04). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Veillonella parvula
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Veillonella parvula was increased by Berberine compared with placebo (p = 8.00E-03) and probiotics (p = 2.30E-02). | |||
| The Order in the Taxonomic Hierarchy of the following Microbe(s): Gut microbiota | ||||
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Studied Microbe: Bacteroidales
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[3] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Decrease | |||
| Experimental Species | C57BL/6 mice | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Clostridium difficile infection | |||
| Description | The abundance of Bacteroidales was decreased by Berberine (p < 0.01). | |||
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Studied Microbe: butyrate-producing bacterium
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of butyrate-producing bacterium was increased by Berberine compared with placebo and probiotics (p = 4.05E-03). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Enterobacterales
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[3] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | C57BL/6 mice | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Clostridium difficile infection | |||
| Description | The abundance of Enterobacterales was increased by Berberine (p < 0.01). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Eubacteriales
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[3] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | C57BL/6 mice | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Clostridium difficile infection | |||
| Description | The abundance of Eubacteriales was increased by Berberine (p < 0.01). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Klebsiella pneumoniae/Klebsiella variicola group
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Human | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||
| Description | The abundance of Klebsiella pneumoniae/Klebsiella variicola group was increased by Berberine compared with probiotics (p = 1.04E-04). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Proteobacteria
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[3] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Decrease | |||
| Experimental Species | C57BL/6 mice | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Clostridium difficile infection | |||
| Description | The abundance of Proteobacteria was decreased by Berberine. | |||
| Target and Pathway | Top | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Target(s) | Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) | Target Info | Inhibitor | [4] |
| NetPath Pathway | IL2 Signaling Pathway | |||
| Pathway Interaction Database | Validated targets of C-MYC transcriptional activation | |||
| Regulation of Telomerase | ||||
| IL2 signaling events mediated by PI3K | ||||
| Regulation of nuclear beta catenin signaling and target gene transcription | ||||
| HIF-1-alpha transcription factor network | ||||
| Reactome | Formation of the beta-catenin:TCF transactivating complex | |||
| References | Top | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| REF 1 | Drug pharmacomicrobiomics and toxicomicrobiomics: from scattered reports to systematic studies of drug-microbiome interactions. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2018 Oct;14(10):1043-1055. | |||
| REF 2 | Gut microbiome-related effects of berberine and probiotics on type 2 diabetes (the PREMOTE study). Nat Commun. 2020 Oct 6;11(1):5015. | |||
| REF 3 | Berberine blocks the relapse of Clostridium difficile infection in C57BL/6 mice after standard vancomycin treatment. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2015 Jul;59(7):3726-35. | |||
| REF 4 | Stage specificity of Plasmodium falciparum telomerase and its inhibition by berberine. Parasitol Int. 2002 Mar;51(1):99-103. | |||
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