Drug Information
| Drug General Information | Top | |||
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| Drug ID |
D01BKS
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| Former ID |
DIB019906
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| Drug Name |
ginsenoside Rg3
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| Synonyms |
(20S)-ginsenoside Rg3
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| Drug Type |
Small molecular drug
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| Indication | Discovery agent [ICD-11: N.A.] | Investigative | [1] | |
| Structure |
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Download2D MOL
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| Formula |
C42H72O13
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| Canonical SMILES |
CC(=CCCC(C)(C1CCC2(C1C(CC3C2(CCC4C3(CCC(C4(C)C)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)CO)O)O)O)C)C)O)C)O)C
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| InChI |
1S/C42H72O13/c1-21(2)10-9-14-42(8,51)22-11-16-41(7)29(22)23(45)18-27-39(5)15-13-28(38(3,4)26(39)12-17-40(27,41)6)54-37-35(33(49)31(47)25(20-44)53-37)55-36-34(50)32(48)30(46)24(19-43)52-36/h10,22-37,43-51H,9,11-20H2,1-8H3/t22-,23+,24+,25+,26-,27+,28-,29-,30+,31+,32-,33-,34+,35+,36-,37-,39-,40+,41+,42-/m0/s1
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| InChIKey |
RWXIFXNRCLMQCD-JBVRGBGGSA-N
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| CAS Number |
CAS 14197-60-5
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| PubChem Compound ID | ||||
| PubChem Substance ID | ||||
| ChEBI ID |
CHEBI:67991
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| Interaction between the Drug and Microbe | Top | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Metabolism of Drug Affected by Studied Microbe(s) | ||||
| The Order in the Taxonomic Hierarchy of the following Microbe(s): Bacteroidales | ||||
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Studied Microbe: Bacteroides
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[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Metabolic Reaction | Hydrolysis | |||
| Resulting Metabolite | 20-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-20(S)-protopanaxadiol | |||
| Metabolic Effect | Increase activity | |||
| Description | Ginsenoside Rb1 can be metabolized to 20-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-20(S)-protopanaxadiol by Bacteroides through hydrolysis, which results in the increase of the drug's activity. | |||
| The Order in the Taxonomic Hierarchy of the following Microbe(s): Bifidobacteriales | ||||
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Studied Microbe: Bifidobacterium
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|
[2] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Metabolic Reaction | Hydrolysis | |||
| Resulting Metabolite | 20-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-20(S)-protopanaxadiol | |||
| Metabolic Effect | Increase activity | |||
| Description | Ginsenoside Rb1 can be metabolized to 20-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-20(S)-protopanaxadiol by Bifidobacterium through hydrolysis, which results in the increase of the drug's activity. | |||
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Studied Microbe: Bifidobacterium dentium
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[3] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Microbial Enzyme | Alpha-L-rhamnosidase | |||
| Description | Ginsenoside can be metabolized by the alpha-L-rhamnosidase of Bifidobacterium dentium. | |||
| The Order in the Taxonomic Hierarchy of the following Microbe(s): Burkholderiales | ||||
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Studied Microbe: Sutterella
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|
[4] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Resulting Metabolite | 20-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-20(S)-protopanaxadiol | |||
| Metabolic Effect | Increase activity | |||
| Description | Ginsenoside Rb1 can be metabolized to 20-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-20(S)-protopanaxadiol by Sutterella, which results in the increase of the drug's activity. | |||
| The Order in the Taxonomic Hierarchy of the following Microbe(s): Erysipelotrichales | ||||
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Studied Microbe: Holdemania
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[4] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Resulting Metabolite | 20-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-20(S)-protopanaxadiol | |||
| Metabolic Effect | Increase activity | |||
| Description | Ginsenoside Rb1 can be metabolized to 20-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-20(S)-protopanaxadiol by Holdemania, which results in the increase of the drug's activity. | |||
| The Order in the Taxonomic Hierarchy of the following Microbe(s): Eubacteriales | ||||
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Studied Microbe: Oscillibacter
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[4] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Resulting Metabolite | 20-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-20(S)-protopanaxadiol | |||
| Metabolic Effect | Increase activity | |||
| Description | Ginsenoside Rb1 can be metabolized to 20-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-20(S)-protopanaxadiol by Oscillibacter, which results in the increase of the drug's activity. | |||
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Studied Microbe: Ruminococcus
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[4] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Resulting Metabolite | 20-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-20(S)-protopanaxadiol | |||
| Metabolic Effect | Increase activity | |||
| Description | Ginsenoside Rb1 can be metabolized to 20-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-20(S)-protopanaxadiol by Ruminococcus, which results in the increase of the drug's activity. | |||
| The Order in the Taxonomic Hierarchy of the following Microbe(s): Gut microbiota | ||||
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Studied Microbe: Bacteroidetes
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[5] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Microbial Enzyme | Beta glucosidase and alpha-L-rhamnosidase | |||
| Resulting Metabolite | Ginsenoside Rh1; Ginsenoside F1 | |||
| Metabolic Effect | Increase activity | |||
| Description | Ginsenoside can be metabolized to Ginsenoside Rh1 and Ginsenoside F1 by the beta glucosidase and alpha-L-rhamnosidase of Bacteroidetes, which results in the increase of the drug's activity. | |||
| Target and Pathway | Top | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Target(s) | Voltage-gated potassium channel Kv11.1 (KCNH2) | Target Info | Activator | [6] |
| Pathwhiz Pathway | Muscle/Heart Contraction | |||
| Reactome | Voltage gated Potassium channels | |||
| WikiPathways | SIDS Susceptibility Pathways | |||
| Hematopoietic Stem Cell Differentiation | ||||
| Potassium Channels | ||||
| References | Top | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| REF 1 | URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7658). | |||
| REF 2 | The influence of gut microbiota on drug metabolism and toxicity. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2016;12(1):31-40. | |||
| REF 3 | Metabolism of rutin and poncirin by human intestinal microbiota and cloning of their metabolizing Alpha-L-rhamnosidase from Bifidobacterium dentium. J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2015 Jan;25(1):18-25. | |||
| REF 4 | Gut Microbiota-Mediated Drug-Antibiotic Interactions. Drug Metab Dispos. 2015 Oct;43(10):1581-9. | |||
| REF 5 | Metabolism of ginsenoside Re by human intestinal microflora and its estrogenic effect. Biol Pharm Bull. 2005 Oct;28(10):1903-8. | |||
| REF 6 | Ginsenoside Rg(3) decelerates hERG K(+) channel deactivation through Ser631 residue interaction. Eur J Pharmacol. 2011 Aug 1;663(1-3):59-67. | |||
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