Target Information
| Target General Information | Top | |||||
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| Target ID |
T53510
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| Target Name |
Glutathione S-transferase A2 (GSTA2)
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| Synonyms |
GTH2; GSTA2-2; GST2; GST-gamma; GST class-alpha member 2; GST HA subunit 2
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| Gene Name |
GSTA2
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| Target Type |
Literature-reported target
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[1] | ||||
| Function |
Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles.
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| UniProt ID | ||||||
| EC Number |
EC 2.5.1.18
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| Sequence |
MAEKPKLHYSNIRGRMESIRWLLAAAGVEFEEKFIKSAEDLDKLRNDGYLMFQQVPMVEI
DGMKLVQTRAILNYIASKYNLYGKDIKEKALIDMYIEGIADLGEMILLLPFSQPEEQDAK LALIQEKTKNRYFPAFEKVLKSHGQDYLVGNKLSRADIHLVELLYYVEELDSSLISSFPL LKALKTRISNLPTVKKFLQPGSPRKPPMDEKSLEESRKIFRF Click to Show/Hide
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| 3D Structure | Click to Show 3D Structure of This Target | PDB | ||||
| HIT2.0 ID | T62F1Y | |||||
| Cell-based Target Expression Variations | Top | |||||
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| Cell-based Target Expression Variations | ||||||
| Drug Binding Sites of Target | Top | |||||
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| Ligand Name: Glutathione | Ligand Info | |||||
| Structure Description | Crystal structure of mutant GST A2-2 with enhanced catalytic efficiency with azathioprine | PDB:4ACS | ||||
| Method | X-ray diffraction | Resolution | 2.10 Å | Mutation | Yes | [2] |
| PDB Sequence |
KPKLHYSNIR
13 GRMESIRWLL23 AAAGVEFEEK33 FIKSAEDLDK43 LRNDGYLMFQ53 QVPMVEIDGM 63 KLVQTRAILN73 YIASKYNLYG83 KDIKEKALID93 MYIEGIADLG103 EMIGDLSFSQ 113 PEEQDAKLAL123 IQEKTKNRYF133 PAFEKVLKSH143 GQDYLVGNKL153 SRADIHLVEL 163 LYYVEELDSS173 LISSFPLLKA183 LKTRISNLPT193 VKKFLQPGSP203 RKPPMDEKSL 213 EESRKIFRH
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| Click to View More Binding Site Information of This Target and Ligand Pair | ||||||
| Ligand Name: 4-ANDROSTENE-3-17-DIONE | Ligand Info | |||||
| Structure Description | Glutathione transferase A2-2 in complex with delta-4-andostrene-3-17- dione | PDB:2VCT | ||||
| Method | X-ray diffraction | Resolution | 2.10 Å | Mutation | Yes | [3] |
| PDB Sequence |
AEKPKLHYSN
11 IRGRMESIRW21 LLAAAGVEFE31 EKFIKSAEDL41 DKLRNDGYLM51 FQQVPMVEID 61 GMKLVQTRAI71 LNYIASKYNL81 YGKDIKEKAL91 IDMYIEGIAD101 LGEMILLLPF 111 TQPEEQDAKL121 ALIQEKTKNR131 YFPAFEKVLK141 SHGQDYLVGN151 KLSRADIHLV 161 ELLYYVEELD171 SSLISSFPLL181 KALKTRISNL191 PTVKKFLQPG201 SPRKPPMDEK 211 SLEESRKIFR221 F
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| Click to View More Binding Site Information of This Target with Different Ligands | ||||||
| Different Human System Profiles of Target | Top |
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Human Similarity Proteins
of target is determined by comparing the sequence similarity of all human proteins with the target based on BLAST. The similarity proteins for a target are defined as the proteins with E-value < 0.005 and outside the protein families of the target.
A target that has fewer human similarity proteins outside its family is commonly regarded to possess a greater capacity to avoid undesired interactions and thus increase the possibility of finding successful drugs
(Brief Bioinform, 21: 649-662, 2020).
Human Tissue Distribution
of target is determined from a proteomics study that quantified more than 12,000 genes across 32 normal human tissues. Tissue Specificity (TS) score was used to define the enrichment of target across tissues.
The distribution of targets among different tissues or organs need to be taken into consideration when assessing the target druggability, as it is generally accepted that the wider the target distribution, the greater the concern over potential adverse effects
(Nat Rev Drug Discov, 20: 64-81, 2021).
Human Pathway Affiliation
of target is determined by the life-essential pathways provided on KEGG database. The target-affiliated pathways were defined based on the following two criteria (a) the pathways of the studied target should be life-essential for both healthy individuals and patients, and (b) the studied target should occupy an upstream position in the pathways and therefore had the ability to regulate biological function.
Targets involved in a fewer pathways have greater likelihood to be successfully developed, while those associated with more human pathways increase the chance of undesirable interferences with other human processes
(Pharmacol Rev, 58: 259-279, 2006).
Biological Network Descriptors
of target is determined based on a human protein-protein interactions (PPI) network consisting of 9,309 proteins and 52,713 PPIs, which were with a high confidence score of ≥ 0.95 collected from STRING database.
The network properties of targets based on protein-protein interactions (PPIs) have been widely adopted for the assessment of target’s druggability. Proteins with high node degree tend to have a high impact on network function through multiple interactions, while proteins with high betweenness centrality are regarded to be central for communication in interaction networks and regulate the flow of signaling information
(Front Pharmacol, 9, 1245, 2018;
Curr Opin Struct Biol. 44:134-142, 2017).
Human Similarity Proteins
Human Tissue Distribution
Human Pathway Affiliation
Biological Network Descriptors
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| Protein Name | Pfam ID | Percentage of Identity (%) | E value |
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| Maleylacetoacetate isomerase (GSTZ1) | 25.258 (49/194) | 3.10E-06 |
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Note:
If a protein has TS (tissue specficity) scores at least in one tissue >= 2.5, this protein is called tissue-enriched (including tissue-enriched-but-not-specific and tissue-specific). In the plots, the vertical lines are at thresholds 2.5 and 4.
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| KEGG Pathway | Pathway ID | Affiliated Target | Pathway Map |
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| Glutathione metabolism | hsa00480 | Affiliated Target |
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| Class: Metabolism => Metabolism of other amino acids | Pathway Hierarchy | ||
| Metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450 | hsa00980 | Affiliated Target |
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| Class: Metabolism => Xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism | Pathway Hierarchy | ||
| Drug metabolism - cytochrome P450 | hsa00982 | Affiliated Target |
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| Class: Metabolism => Xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism | Pathway Hierarchy | ||
| Drug metabolism - other enzymes | hsa00983 | Affiliated Target |
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| Class: Metabolism => Xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism | Pathway Hierarchy | ||
| Degree | 3 | Degree centrality | 3.22E-04 | Betweenness centrality | 6.93E-08 |
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| Closeness centrality | 3.22E-04 | Radiality | 7.84E-03 | Clustering coefficient | 0.00E+00 |
| Neighborhood connectivity | 1.00E+00 | Topological coefficient | . | Eccentricity | 1 |
| Download | Click to Download the Full PPI Network of This Target | ||||
| Chemical Structure based Activity Landscape of Target | Top |
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| Target Poor or Non Binders | Top | |||||
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| Target Poor or Non Binders | ||||||
| References | Top | |||||
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| REF 1 | Human glutathione S-transferase A2 polymorphisms: variant expression, distribution in prostate cancer cases/controls and a novel form. Pharmacogenetics. 2004 Jan;14(1):35-44. | |||||
| REF 2 | Structure-based redesign of GST A2-2 for enhanced catalytic efficiency with azathioprine. Chem Biol. 2012 Mar 23;19(3):414-21. | |||||
| REF 3 | Structural basis for featuring of steroid isomerase activity in alpha class glutathione transferases. J Mol Biol. 2010 Mar 19;397(1):332-40. | |||||
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