Target Information
Target General Information | Top | |||||
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Target ID |
T58674
(Former ID: TTDI00115)
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Target Name |
APJ endogenous ligand (Apelin)
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Synonyms |
Apelin13; APEL
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Gene Name |
APLN
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Target Type |
Literature-reported target
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[1] | ||||
Function |
Drives internalization of the apelin receptor. Apelin-36 dissociates more hardly than (pyroglu)apelin-13 from APLNR. Hormone involved in the regulation of cardiac precursor cell movements during gastrulation and heart morphogenesis. Has an inhibitory effect on cytokine production in response to T-cell receptor/CD3 cross-linking; the oral intake of apelin in the colostrum and the milk might therefore modulate immune responses in neonates. Plays a role in early coronary blood vessels formation. Mediates myocardial contractility in an ERK1/2-dependent manner. May also have a role in the central control of body fluid homeostasis by influencing vasopressin release and drinking behavior. Endogenous ligand for the apelin receptor (APLNR).
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UniProt ID | ||||||
Sequence |
MNLRLCVQALLLLWLSLTAVCGGSLMPLPDGNGLEDGNVRHLVQPRGSRNGPGPWQGGRR
KFRRQRPRLSHKGPMPF Click to Show/Hide
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3D Structure | Click to Show 3D Structure of This Target | AlphaFold | ||||
HIT2.0 ID | T11HTL |
Cell-based Target Expression Variations | Top | |||||
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Cell-based Target Expression Variations |
Different Human System Profiles of Target | Top |
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Human Similarity Proteins
of target is determined by comparing the sequence similarity of all human proteins with the target based on BLAST. The similarity proteins for a target are defined as the proteins with E-value < 0.005 and outside the protein families of the target.
A target that has fewer human similarity proteins outside its family is commonly regarded to possess a greater capacity to avoid undesired interactions and thus increase the possibility of finding successful drugs
(Brief Bioinform, 21: 649-662, 2020).
Human Pathway Affiliation
of target is determined by the life-essential pathways provided on KEGG database. The target-affiliated pathways were defined based on the following two criteria (a) the pathways of the studied target should be life-essential for both healthy individuals and patients, and (b) the studied target should occupy an upstream position in the pathways and therefore had the ability to regulate biological function.
Targets involved in a fewer pathways have greater likelihood to be successfully developed, while those associated with more human pathways increase the chance of undesirable interferences with other human processes
(Pharmacol Rev, 58: 259-279, 2006).
Biological Network Descriptors
of target is determined based on a human protein-protein interactions (PPI) network consisting of 9,309 proteins and 52,713 PPIs, which were with a high confidence score of ≥ 0.95 collected from STRING database.
The network properties of targets based on protein-protein interactions (PPIs) have been widely adopted for the assessment of target’s druggability. Proteins with high node degree tend to have a high impact on network function through multiple interactions, while proteins with high betweenness centrality are regarded to be central for communication in interaction networks and regulate the flow of signaling information
(Front Pharmacol, 9, 1245, 2018;
Curr Opin Struct Biol. 44:134-142, 2017).
Human Similarity Proteins
Human Pathway Affiliation
Biological Network Descriptors
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There is no similarity protein (E value < 0.005) for this target
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KEGG Pathway | Pathway ID | Affiliated Target | Pathway Map |
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Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction | hsa04080 | Affiliated Target |
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Class: Environmental Information Processing => Signaling molecules and interaction | Pathway Hierarchy | ||
Apelin signaling pathway | hsa04371 | Affiliated Target |
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Class: Environmental Information Processing => Signal transduction | Pathway Hierarchy |
Degree | 1 | Degree centrality | 1.07E-04 | Betweenness centrality | 0.00E+00 |
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Closeness centrality | 1.43E-04 | Radiality | 5.80E-03 | Clustering coefficient | 0.00E+00 |
Neighborhood connectivity | 2.00E+00 | Topological coefficient | 1.00E+00 | Eccentricity | 2 |
Download | Click to Download the Full PPI Network of This Target | ||||
Chemical Structure based Activity Landscape of Target | Top |
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Target Poor or Non Binders | Top | |||||
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Target Poor or Non Binders |
Target Regulators | Top | |||||
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Target-regulating microRNAs |
References | Top | |||||
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REF 1 | Apelin/APJ system: A novel potential therapy target for kidney disease. J Cell Physiol. 2018 May;233(5):3892-3900. |
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