Target General Infomation
Target ID
T15352
Former ID
TTDS00318
Target Name
HIV reverse transcriptase
Gene Name
gag-pol
Synonyms
gag-pol
Target Type
Successful
Disease Breast cancer [ICD9: 174, 175; ICD10: C50]
Cytomegalovirus infection [ICD10: B25]
HIV infection; Chronic hepatitis b [ICD9: 042, 070.2-070.3; ICD10: B16, B18.0, B18.1, B20]
Hepatitis virus infection; Human immunodeficiency virus infection [ICD9:573.3, 279.3; ICD10: K75.9, B20-B26]
Human immunodeficiency virus infection [ICD9: 279.3; ICD10: B20-B26]
HIV-1 infection [ICD9: 001-139, 042; ICD10: B20-B24]
Herpes simplex virus infection [ICD9: 54; ICD10: B00]
HBV infection [ICD9: 070.2-070.3; ICD10: B16, B18.0, B18.1]
Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection [ICD10: A15-A19]
Sexually transmitted infection [ICD10: A64]
Viral infections [ICD9: 054.0, 054.1, 054.2, 054.3, 075, 771.2, 052, 053; ICD10: B01, B02, A60, B00, B27, G05.1, P35.2]
Unspecified [ICD code not available]
Function
Integrase: Catalyzes viral DNA integration into the host chromosome, by performing a series of DNA cutting and joining reactions. This enzyme activity takes place after virion entry into a cell and reverse transcription of the RNA genome in dsDNA. The first step in the integration process is 3' processing. This step requires a complex comprising the viral genome, matrix protein, Vpr and integrase. This complex is called the pre- integration complex (PIC). The integrase protein removes 2 nucleotides from each 3' end of the viral DNA, leaving recessed CA OH's atthe 3' ends. In the second step, the PIC enters cell nucleus. This process is mediated through integrase and Vpr proteins, and allows the virus to infect a non dividing cell. This ability to enter the nucleus is specific of lentiviruses, other retroviruses cannot and rely on cell division to access cell chromosomes. In the third step, termed strand transfer, the integrase protein joins the previously processed 3' ends to the 5' ends of strands of target cellular DNA at the site of integration. The 5'-ends are produced by integrase-catalyzed staggered cuts, 5 bp apart. A Y-shaped, gapped, recombination intermediate results, with the 5'-ends of the viral DNA strands and the 3' ends of target DNA strands remaining unjoined, flanking a gap of 5 bp. The last step is viral DNA integration into host chromosome. This involves host DNA repair synthesis in which the 5 bp gaps between the unjoined strands are filled in and then ligated. Since this process occurs at both cuts flanking the HIV genome, a 5 bp duplication of host DNA is produced at the ends of HIV-1 integration. Alternatively, Integrase may catalyze the excision of viral DNA just after strand transfer, this is termed disintegration.
Target Validation
T15352
UniProt ID
Sequence
PISPIETVPVKLKPGMDGPKVKQWPLTEEKIKALVEICTEMEKEGKISKIGPENPYNTPV
FAIKKKDSTKWRKLVDFRELNKRTQDFWEVQLGIPHPAGLKKKKSVTVLDVGDAYFSVPL
DEDFRKYTAFTIPSINNETPGIRYQYNVLPQGWKGSPAIFQSSMTKILEPFKKQNPDIVI
YQYMDDLYVGSDLEIGQHRTKIEELRQHLLRWGLTTPDKKHQKEPPFLWMGYELHPDKWT
VQPIVLPEKDSWTVNDIQKLVGKLNWASQIYPGIKVRQLCKLLRGTKALTEVIPLTEEAE
LELAENREILKEPVHGVYYDPSKDLIAEIQKQGQGQWTYQIYQEPFKNLKTGKYARMRGA
HTNDVKQLTEAVQKITTESIVIWGKTPKFKLPIQKETWETWWTEYWQATWIPEWEFVNTP
PLVKLWYQLEKEPIVGAETFYVDGAANRETKLGKAGYVTNKGRQKVVPLTNTTNQKTELQ
AIYLALQDSGLEVNIVTDSQYALGIIQAQPDKSESELVNQIIEQLIKKEKVYLAWVPAHK
GIGGNEQVDKLVSAGIRKIL
Drugs and Mode of Action
Drug(s) Abacavir Drug Info Approved Human immunodeficiency virus infection [550653]
Adefovir Dipivoxil Drug Info Approved HBV infection [536414]
Delavirdine Drug Info Approved Human immunodeficiency virus infection [550326]
Didanosine Drug Info Approved Human immunodeficiency virus infection [468066], [536361]
Efavirenz Drug Info Approved Human immunodeficiency virus infection [550326]
Emtricitabine Drug Info Approved Hepatitis virus infection; Human immunodeficiency virus infection [527650], [532210], [536361]
Etravirine Drug Info Approved HIV-1 infection [529941], [536833]
Lamivudine Drug Info Approved HIV infection; Chronic hepatitis b [536361]
Nevirapine Drug Info Approved Human immunodeficiency virus infection [550326]
Stavudine Drug Info Approved Human immunodeficiency virus infection [536361]
Tenofovir Drug Info Approved Human immunodeficiency virus infection [537238]
Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate Drug Info Approved Unspecified [551871]
Zalcitabine Drug Info Approved Human immunodeficiency virus infection [468060], [536361]
Zidovudine Drug Info Approved Human immunodeficiency virus infection [468057], [536361]
Apricitabine Drug Info Phase 3 Human immunodeficiency virus infection [522332]
Emtricitabine Drug Info Phase 3 HBV infection [550812]
Glyminox Drug Info Phase 3 Sexually transmitted infection [521657]
MK-1439 Drug Info Phase 3 Human immunodeficiency virus infection [525133]
VM-1500 Drug Info Phase 2/3 Human immunodeficiency virus infection [525255]
Alovudine Drug Info Phase 2 Breast cancer [524903]
Amdoxovir Drug Info Phase 2 HBV infection [524146]
BILR-355 Drug Info Phase 2 Human immunodeficiency virus infection [521806]
EMIVIRINE Drug Info Phase 2 Human immunodeficiency virus infection [521441]
F4co vaccine Drug Info Phase 2 Human immunodeficiency virus infection [523204], [548656]
GS-7340 Drug Info Phase 2 Human immunodeficiency virus infection [523854]
IDX899 Drug Info Phase 2 Human immunodeficiency virus infection [548635]
L-697,661 Drug Info Phase 2 Human immunodeficiency virus infection [533696]
Lersivirine Drug Info Phase 2 Human immunodeficiency virus infection [523279]
NRT inhibitor Drug Info Phase 2 Human immunodeficiency virus infection [550383]
OBP-601 Drug Info Phase 2 HIV-1 infection [548329]
RALURIDINE Drug Info Phase 2 Human immunodeficiency virus infection [521438], [534371]
Ad35-GRIN Drug Info Phase 1/2 Human immunodeficiency virus infection [524697]
Ad35-GRIN/ENV Drug Info Phase 1 Human immunodeficiency virus infection [523741]
AIC-292 Drug Info Phase 1 Human immunodeficiency virus infection [549111]
ATEVIRDINE Drug Info Phase 1 Human immunodeficiency virus infection [521415]
CALANOLIDE A Drug Info Phase 1 Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection [521471]
Capravirine Drug Info Phase 1 Human immunodeficiency virus infection [521433]
CMX-157 Drug Info Phase 1 Human immunodeficiency virus infection [522964]
GW-695634 Drug Info Phase 1 Human immunodeficiency virus infection [521608]
KM-023 Drug Info Phase 1 Human immunodeficiency virus infection [523464]
MK-6186 Drug Info Phase 1 Human immunodeficiency virus infection [523090]
MSH-372 Drug Info Phase 1 Human immunodeficiency virus infection [524596]
TROVIRDINE HYDROCHLORIDE Drug Info Phase 1 Human immunodeficiency virus infection [545264]
UC-781 Drug Info Phase 1 Human immunodeficiency virus infection [521973], [531646]
Lobucavir Drug Info Discontinued in Phase 3 Viral infections [545123]
AZT-P-DDI Drug Info Discontinued in Phase 2 Human immunodeficiency virus infection [546009]
DMP-961 Drug Info Discontinued in Phase 2 Human immunodeficiency virus infection [546920]
Elvucitabine Drug Info Discontinued in Phase 2 Human immunodeficiency virus infection [546317]
FOZIVUDINE TIDOXIL Drug Info Discontinued in Phase 2 Human immunodeficiency virus infection [546321]
L-696229 Drug Info Discontinued in Phase 2 Human immunodeficiency virus infection [544904]
Lodenosine Drug Info Discontinued in Phase 2 Human immunodeficiency virus infection [545946]
Loviride Drug Info Discontinued in Phase 2 Human immunodeficiency virus infection [545265]
Opaviraline Drug Info Discontinued in Phase 2 Human immunodeficiency virus infection [546961]
R-18893 Drug Info Discontinued in Phase 2 Human immunodeficiency virus infection [545122]
DPC-082 Drug Info Discontinued in Phase 1 Human immunodeficiency virus infection [547216]
L-697639 Drug Info Discontinued in Phase 1 Human immunodeficiency virus infection [545121]
PNU-142721 Drug Info Discontinued in Phase 1 Human immunodeficiency virus infection [546794]
R-82150 Drug Info Discontinued in Phase 1 Human immunodeficiency virus infection [545216]
R-82913 Drug Info Discontinued in Phase 1 Human immunodeficiency virus infection [544785]
A-79296 Drug Info Terminated Herpes simplex virus infection [545518]
ANX-201 Drug Info Terminated Cytomegalovirus infection [547232]
BAY-Z-4305 Drug Info Terminated HIV-1 infection [547023]
BEA-005 Drug Info Terminated Cytomegalovirus infection [546573]
C-AFG Drug Info Terminated Viral infections [545472]
DMP-963 Drug Info Terminated Human immunodeficiency virus infection [546921]
DPC-A78277 Drug Info Terminated Human immunodeficiency virus infection [547904]
GS-9148 Drug Info Terminated Human immunodeficiency virus infection [547439]
ISIS-1082 Drug Info Terminated Viral infections [544826]
MEN-10690 Drug Info Terminated HIV-1 infection [546459]
MEN-10880 Drug Info Terminated HIV-1 infection [550069]
MEN-10979 Drug Info Terminated HIV-1 infection [546458]
MIV-170 Drug Info Terminated Human immunodeficiency virus infection [547796]
MSC-204 Drug Info Terminated Human immunodeficiency virus infection [546647]
Navuridine Drug Info Terminated Human immunodeficiency virus infection [544779]
RDEA-427 Drug Info Terminated Human immunodeficiency virus infection [548289]
RDEA-640 Drug Info Terminated Human immunodeficiency virus infection [548289]
SPD-756 Drug Info Terminated Human immunodeficiency virus infection [547094]
UC-38 Drug Info Terminated Human immunodeficiency virus infection [545857]
UC-84 Drug Info Terminated Human immunodeficiency virus infection [545932]
Adefovir Dipivoxil Drug Info Investigative Discovery agent [1572605]
Modulator A-79296 Drug Info [550915]
Adefovir Dipivoxil Drug Info [556264]
Alovudine Drug Info
Amdoxovir Drug Info
ANX-201 Drug Info
Apricitabine Drug Info
ATEVIRDINE Drug Info [534208]
AZT nucleotide mimics Drug Info
BEA-005 Drug Info [543996]
C-AFG Drug Info [545473]
Delavirdine Drug Info [556264]
E-EBU-dM Drug Info
Efavirenz Drug Info [556264]
Elvucitabine Drug Info
EMIVIRINE Drug Info
Emtricitabine Drug Info [527650], [532210]
Etravirine Drug Info [529941]
IDX899 Drug Info
ISIS-1082 Drug Info [534318]
L-697,661 Drug Info
Lamivudine Drug Info [556264]
Lobucavir Drug Info
MEN-10690 Drug Info [550886]
MEN-10880 Drug Info [550886]
MEN-10979 Drug Info [534193]
MSC-204 Drug Info [550939]
Nevirapine Drug Info
Opaviraline Drug Info [1572591]
R-18893 Drug Info [550873]
R-82150 Drug Info
R-82913 Drug Info
Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate Drug Info [526475], [532210]
TNK-651 Drug Info
TROVIRDINE HYDROCHLORIDE Drug Info
UC-38 Drug Info [534083]
UC-84 Drug Info [534721]
Inhibitor Abacavir Drug Info [537321]
AIC-292 Drug Info [532460]
AZT-P-DDI Drug Info [534200], [551871]
BAY-Z-4305 Drug Info [550896]
BILR-355 Drug Info [531281], [551871]
CALANOLIDE A Drug Info [526066]
Capravirine Drug Info [527112]
CMX-157 Drug Info [544301]
Didanosine Drug Info [537278]
DMP-961 Drug Info [544096], [551871]
DMP-963 Drug Info [544096], [551871]
DPC-082 Drug Info [525645], [551871]
DPC-A78277 Drug Info [527188]
FOZIVUDINE TIDOXIL Drug Info [531419], [551871]
Glyminox Drug Info [527010]
GS-7340 Drug Info [527526]
GS-9148 Drug Info [529800]
GW-695634 Drug Info [528050]
KM-023 Drug Info [532985]
L-696229 Drug Info [544027], [551871]
L-697639 Drug Info [533619]
Lersivirine Drug Info [531272]
Lodenosine Drug Info [532937]
Loviride Drug Info [532362]
MIV-170 Drug Info [531011]
MK-1439 Drug Info [532619]
MK-6186 Drug Info [531832]
MSH-372 Drug Info [550939]
Navuridine Drug Info [528480]
NRT inhibitor Drug Info [530457]
NSC-625487 Drug Info [525585], [551871]
OBP-601 Drug Info [531951]
PNU-142721 Drug Info [531587]
RALURIDINE Drug Info [533617], [551871]
RDEA-427 Drug Info [550865]
RDEA-640 Drug Info [550132]
SPD-756 Drug Info [551874]
Stavudine Drug Info [535977]
Tenofovir Drug Info [535958]
UC-781 Drug Info [527689]
VM-1500 Drug Info [544439]
Zalcitabine Drug Info [535977]
Zidovudine Drug Info [535958]
References
Ref 468057(http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/) Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 4825).
Ref 468060(http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/) Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 4828).
Ref 468066(http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/) Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 4833).
Ref 521415ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00000753) A Phase I Concentration-Targeted Multidose Study of Atevirdine Mesylate ( U-87201E ), AZT, and ddI or ddC. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
Ref 521433ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00002214) Phase I Trial of S-1153 in Patients With HIV Infection. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
Ref 521438ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00002338) The Safety and Effectiveness of 935U83 in HIV-Infected Patients. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
Ref 521441ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00002413) A Study of MKC-442 in HIV-Positive Patients. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
Ref 521471ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00005120) The Safety and Effectiveness of (+)-Calanolide A in HIV-Infected Patients Who Have Never Taken Anti-HIV Drugs. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
Ref 521608ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00090077) Monotherapy Versus Placebo Over 7 Days-Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor-Experienced HIV1 Infected Adults. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
Ref 521657ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00129532) Trial of SAVVY and HIV in Ghana. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
Ref 521806ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00294372) Phase II Study on the Antiviral Activity and Safety of BILR 355 BS in HIV-1 Infected, NNRTI-treated Patients. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
Ref 521973ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00441909) Phase I Study of Safety and Persistence of UC-781 Vaginal Microbicide. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
Ref 522332ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00686270) A Long Term Safety Study of Apricitabine in HIV-infected Patients. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
Ref 522964ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01080820) A Safety, Tolerability and Pharmacokinetic Study of a Single Dose of CMX157 in Healthy Volunteers. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
Ref 523090ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01152255) MK6186 in HIV-1 Infected Patients (MK-6186-007 AM2). U.S. National Institutes of Health.
Ref 523204ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01218113) Efficacy and Safety of GSK Biologicals HIV Vaccine in Antiretroviral Therapy (ART)-naive HIV-1 Infected Persons. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
Ref 523279ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01254656) A Long Term Safety Study Of Lersivirine For The Treatment Of HIV-1 Infection In Subjects Who Have Completed Treatment With Lersivirine In Studies A5271015 And A5271022. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
Ref 523464ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01348516) Single Ascending Dose (SAD)/Multiple Ascending Dose(MAD) Safety/Pharmacokinetic (PK) Study of KM-023. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
Ref 523741ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01496989) Safety and Immunogenicity Study of HIV-MAG Vaccine +/- IL-12 and Ad35-GRIN/ENV in HIV-uninfected Volunteers. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
Ref 523854ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01565850) Safety and Efficacy of Darunavir/Cobicistat/Emtricitabine/GS-7340 Single Tablet Regimen Versus Cobicistat-boosted Darunavir Plus Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Fixed Dose Combination in HIV-1 Infected, Antiretroviral Treatment Naive Adults. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
Ref 524146ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01738555) A Safety and Efficacy Study of Amdoxovir in HIV-1 Treatment-experienced Subjects. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
Ref 524596ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02033109) Safety, Pharmacokinetics and Acceptability of PC-1005 for Vaginal Use. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
Ref 524697ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02099994) Safety & Immunogenicity of HIV Vaccines in Healthy Kenyan Adults. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
Ref 524903ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02232581) Study to Determine the Antiviral Activity and Safety of Alovudine in Nucleoside-experienced HIV-infected Subjects Experiencing Virologic Failure. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
Ref 525133ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02403674) Comparison of MK-1439A and ATRIPLA in Treatment-Naive Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Infected Participants (MK-1439A-021). U.S. National Institutes of Health.
Ref 525255ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02489461) Efficacy, Safety and Optimal Dose Selection VM-1500 in Comparison to Efavirenz When Added to Standard-of-care Antiretroviral Therapy.
Ref 527650Emtricitabine: a novel nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Drugs Today (Barc). 2005 Apr;41(4):241-52.
Ref 5299412008 FDA drug approvals. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2009 Feb;8(2):93-6.
Ref 531646First phase 1 double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized rectal microbicide trial using UC781 gel with a novel index of ex vivo efficacy. PLoS One. 2011;6(9):e23243.
Ref 532210Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2013 Feb;12(2):87-90.
Ref 533696A short-term clinical evaluation of L-697,661, a non-nucleoside inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. L-697,661 Working Group. N Engl J Med. 1993 Oct 7;329(15):1065-72.
Ref 534371Safety and pharmacokinetics of 5-chloro-2',3'-dideoxy-3'-fluorouridine (935U83) following oral administration of escalating single doses in human immunodeficiency virus-infected adults. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Dec;40(12):2842-7.
Ref 536361Natural products as sources of new drugs over the last 25 years. J Nat Prod. 2007 Mar;70(3):461-77. Epub 2007 Feb 20.
Ref 536414Telbivudine: a new option for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2007 May;7(5):751-61.
Ref 536833Emerging antiviral drugs. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2008 Sep;13(3):393-416.
Ref 537238Anti-hepatitis B virus activity in vitro of combinations of tenofovir with nucleoside/nucleotide analogues. Antivir Chem Chemother. 2009;19(4):165-76.
Ref 544779Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800001006)
Ref 544785Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800001064)
Ref 544826Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800001244)
Ref 544904Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800001460)
Ref 545121Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800002199)
Ref 545122Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800002204)
Ref 545123Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800002213)
Ref 545216Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800002478)
Ref 545264Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800002628)
Ref 545265Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800002631)
Ref 545472Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800003394)
Ref 545518Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800003585)
Ref 545857Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800005073)
Ref 545932Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800005397)
Ref 545946Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800005453)
Ref 546009Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800005869)
Ref 546317Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800007421)
Ref 546321Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800007452)
Ref 546458Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800008234)
Ref 546459Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800008240)
Ref 546573Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800008999)
Ref 546647Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800009440)
Ref 546794Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800010327)
Ref 546920Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800011150)
Ref 546921Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800011151)
Ref 546961Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800011603)
Ref 547023Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800012173)
Ref 547094Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800013016)
Ref 547216Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800014106)
Ref 547232Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800014324)
Ref 547439Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800016343)
Ref 547796Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800019379)
Ref 547904Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800020281)
Ref 548289Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800024208)
Ref 548329Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800024698)
Ref 548635Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800027243)
Ref 548656Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800027409)
Ref 549111Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800032413)
Ref 550069[Abstract Book Vol. 2, International Conference on AIDS (10th: 1994: Yokohama, Japan)], International AIDS Society, 1994.
Ref 550326Approved antiretroviral drugs. Antiretroviral Drugs. Company report of AVERT. 2009.
Ref 550383Pipeline report of Bristol-Myers Squibb in August 2013.
Ref 550653Abacavir (marketed as Ziagen) and Abacavir-containing Medications. FDA. 2008.
Ref 550812Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of Gilead (2011).
Ref 551871Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 2015
Ref 1572605The ChEMBL database in 2017.
Ref
Ref 525585Synthesis and biological activity of novel 1H,3H-thiazolo[3,4-a]benzimidazoles: non-nucleoside human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Antivir Chem Chemother. 1999 Jul;10(4):211-7.
Ref 525645Expanded-spectrum nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors inhibit clinically relevant mutant variants of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1999 Dec;43(12):2893-7.
Ref 526066Calanolide A: a natural non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. BETA. 1999 Apr;12(2):8-9.
Ref 526475Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate: a nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor for the treatment of HIV infection. Clin Ther. 2002 Oct;24(10):1515-48.
Ref 527010Glyminox Biosyn. Curr Opin Investig Drugs. 2004 Feb;5(2):222-31.
Ref 527112Metabolism and excretion of capravirine, a new non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, alone and in combination with ritonavir in healthy volunteers. Drug Metab Dispos. 2004 Jul;32(7):689-98.
Ref 527188The chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) as a pharmacokinetic model for selection of drug candidates: model characterization and application. Drug Metab Dispos. 2004 Dec;32(12):1359-69. Epub 2004 Aug 27.
Ref 527526Selective intracellular activation of a novel prodrug of the human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase inhibitor tenofovir leads to preferential distribution and accumulation in lymphatic tissue. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2005 May;49(5):1898-906.
Ref 527650Emtricitabine: a novel nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Drugs Today (Barc). 2005 Apr;41(4):241-52.
Ref 527689The nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor UC-781 inhibits human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection of human cervical tissue and dissemination by migratory cells. J Virol. 2005 Sep;79(17):11179-86.
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