Target Information
Target General Infomation | |||||
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Target ID |
T27137
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Former ID |
TTDC00220
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Target Name |
Metabotropicglutamate receptor 1
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Gene Name |
GRM1
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Synonyms |
Glutamate receptor mGLU1; mGLUR1; GRM1
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Target Type |
Research
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Disease | Alzheimer disease; Huntington's disease [ICD9:331, 294.1, 333.4; ICD10: G30, F02.2, G10] | ||||
Neuropathic pain [ICD9: 356.0, 356.8; ICD10: G64, G90.0] | |||||
Neurological disease [ICD9: 338, 338.2, 410, 782.3,780; ICD10: I21, I22, R52, R52.1-R52.2, R60.9, G89] | |||||
Pain [ICD9: 338, 356.0, 356.8,780; ICD10: G64, G90.0, R52, G89] | |||||
Schizophrenia [ICD9: 295; ICD10: F20] | |||||
Unspecified [ICD code not available] | |||||
Function |
Receptor forglutamate. The activity of this receptor is mediated by a g-protein that activates a phosphatidylinositol- calcium second messenger system. May participate in the central action of glutamate in the cns, such as long-term potentiation.
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BioChemical Class |
GPCR glutamate
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Target Validation |
T27137
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UniProt ID | |||||
Sequence |
MVGLLLFFFPAIFLEVSLLPRSPGRKVLLAGASSQRSVARMDGDVIIGALFSVHHQPPAE
KVPERKCGEIREQYGIQRVEAMFHTLDKINADPVLLPNITLGSEIRDSCWHSSVALEQSI EFIRDSLISIRDEKDGINRCLPDGQSLPPGRTKKPIAGVIGPGSSSVAIQVQNLLQLFDI PQIAYSATSIDLSDKTLYKYFLRVVPSDTLQARAMLDIVKRYNWTYVSAVHTEGNYGESG MDAFKELAAQEGLCIAHSDKIYSNAGEKSFDRLLRKLRERLPKARVVVCFCEGMTVRGLL SAMRRLGVVGEFSLIGSDGWADRDEVIEGYEVEANGGITIKLQSPEVRSFDDYFLKLRLD TNTRNPWFPEFWQHRFQCRLPGHLLENPNFKRICTGNESLEENYVQDSKMGFVINAIYAM AHGLQNMHHALCPGHVGLCDAMKPIDGSKLLDFLIKSSFIGVSGEEVWFDEKGDAPGRYD IMNLQYTEANRYDYVHVGTWHEGVLNIDDYKIQMNKSGVVRSVCSEPCLKGQIKVIRKGE VSCCWICTACKENEYVQDEFTCKACDLGWWPNADLTGCEPIPVRYLEWSNIESIIAIAFS CLGILVTLFVTLIFVLYRDTPVVKSSSRELCYIILAGIFLGYVCPFTLIAKPTTTSCYLQ RLLVGLSSAMCYSALVTKTNRIARILAGSKKKICTRKPRFMSAWAQVIIASILISVQLTL VVTLIIMEPPMPILSYPSIKEVYLICNTSNLGVVAPLGYNGLLIMSCTYYAFKTRNVPAN FNEAKYIAFTMYTTCIIWLAFVPIYFGSNYKIITTCFAVSLSVTVALGCMFTPKMYIIIA KPERNVRSAFTTSDVVRMHVGDGKLPCRSNTFLNIFRRKKAGAGNANSNGKSVSWSEPGG GQVPKGQHMWHRLSVHVKTNETACNQTAVIKPLTKSYQGSGKSLTFSDTSTKTLYNVEEE EDAQPIRFSPPGSPSMVVHRRVPSAATTPPLPSHLTAEETPLFLAEPALPKGLPPPLQQQ QQPPPQQKSLMDQLQGVVSNFSTAIPDFHAVLAGPGGPGNGLRSLYPPPPPPQHLQMLPL QLSTFGEELVSPPADDDDDSERFKLLQEYVYEHEREGNTEEDELEEEEEDLQAASKLTPD DSPALTPPSPFRDSVASGSSVPSSPVSESVLCTPPNVSYASVILRDYKQSSSTL |
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Drugs and Mode of Action | |||||
Drug(s) | A-841720 | Drug Info | Preclinical | Pain | [540575], [548317] |
PF-1913539 | Drug Info | Discontinued in Phase 3 | Alzheimer disease; Huntington's disease | [548096] | |
AZD8529 | Drug Info | Discontinued in Phase 2 | Schizophrenia | [542657], [548861] | |
AZD-9272 | Drug Info | Discontinued in Phase 1 | Neuropathic pain | [536374], [541579] | |
LY-367385 | Drug Info | Terminated | Neurological disease | [538856], [546917] | |
Antagonist | (+)-MCPG | Drug Info | [526599] | ||
(S)-(+)-CBPG | Drug Info | [525552] | |||
(S)-4C3HPG | Drug Info | [525911] | |||
(S)-4CPG | Drug Info | [526599] | |||
(S)-TBPG | Drug Info | [526001] | |||
3-MATIDA | Drug Info | [526337] | |||
A-841720 | Drug Info | [528879] | |||
AIDA | Drug Info | [526599] | |||
PF-1913539 | Drug Info | [535907], [549974] | |||
Agonist | (1S,3R)-ACPD | Drug Info | [525911] | ||
(S)-3HPG | Drug Info | [525911] | |||
3,5-DHPG | Drug Info | [526599] | |||
AZD8529 | Drug Info | [550288] | |||
ibotenate | Drug Info | [525911] | |||
L-CCG-I | Drug Info | [525911] | |||
LY-367385 | Drug Info | [525454] | |||
[3H]quisqualate | Drug Info | [526499] | |||
Inhibitor | (3,4-dimethylphenyl)(4-phenoxyphenyl)methanone | Drug Info | [530245] | ||
(E)-1-Adamantan-1-yl-3-quinolin-3-yl-propenone | Drug Info | [530245] | |||
(E)-4,4-Dimethyl-1-quinolin-3-yl-pent-1-en-3-one | Drug Info | [530245] | |||
2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine | Drug Info | [531019] | |||
4-(1-Amino-1-Carboxy-Ethyl)-Benzoic Acid | Drug Info | [551393] | |||
4-(cyclohexyloxy)quinazoline | Drug Info | [530023] | |||
6-bromo-N-(3-chlorophenyl)quinazolin-4-amine | Drug Info | [530473] | |||
GLUTAMATE | Drug Info | [529001] | |||
N-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-yl)isoquinolin-1-amine | Drug Info | [530023] | |||
N-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-yl)quinazolin-4-amine | Drug Info | [530023] | |||
N-(2-methyl-2-phenylpropyl)pyrazine-2-carboxamide | Drug Info | [528497] | |||
N-(2-phenylpropyl)quinoxaline-2-carboxamide | Drug Info | [528497] | |||
N-(3-bromophenyl)-6-chloroquinazolin-4-amine | Drug Info | [530473] | |||
N-(3-bromophenyl)-6-fluoroquinazolin-4-amine | Drug Info | [530473] | |||
N-cyclohexylquinazolin-4-amine | Drug Info | [530023] | |||
N-cyclohexylquinolin-4-amine | Drug Info | [530023] | |||
N-phenethylquinoxaline-2-carboxamide | Drug Info | [528497] | |||
Pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid adamantan-1-ylamide | Drug Info | [529241] | |||
Quinoline-2-carboxylic acid adamantan-1-ylamide | Drug Info | [529241] | |||
Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid adamantan-1-ylamide | Drug Info | [529241] | |||
Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid adamantan-1-ylamide | Drug Info | [529241] | |||
QUISQUALATE | Drug Info | [534590] | |||
VU0080241 | Drug Info | [529695] | |||
Modulator (allosteric modulator) | 3,5-dimethyl PPP | Drug Info | [526481] | ||
A-794278 | Drug Info | [527859] | |||
A-794282 | Drug Info | [527859] | |||
A-850002 | Drug Info | [527859] | |||
BAY 367620 | Drug Info | [526030] | |||
CFMMC | Drug Info | [530229] | |||
CFMTI | Drug Info | [530068] | |||
cis-10 | Drug Info | [527483] | |||
compound 10i | Drug Info | [532091] | |||
compound 11c | Drug Info | [529092] | |||
compound 11q | Drug Info | [530130] | |||
compound 11s | Drug Info | [530130] | |||
compound 12e | Drug Info | [531767] | |||
compound 22 | Drug Info | [528654] | |||
compound 22 | Drug Info | [530023] | |||
compound 23c | Drug Info | [529092] | |||
compound 23e | Drug Info | [529092] | |||
compound 23h | Drug Info | [529092] | |||
compound 23i | Drug Info | [529092] | |||
compound 24 | Drug Info | [530813] | |||
compound 27 | Drug Info | [530813] | |||
compound 29 | Drug Info | [528497] | |||
compound 2f | Drug Info | [528867] | |||
compound 3 | Drug Info | [526481] | |||
compound 32 | Drug Info | [530023] | |||
compound 3a | Drug Info | [527685] | |||
compound 4b | Drug Info | [527685] | |||
compound 9a | Drug Info | [531767] | |||
compound 9n | Drug Info | [532091] | |||
CPCCOEt | Drug Info | [526599] | |||
DM-PPP | Drug Info | [526481] | |||
EM-TBPC | Drug Info | [526499] | |||
FPTQ | Drug Info | [531308] | |||
FTIDC | Drug Info | [528732] | |||
JNJ-16567083 | Drug Info | [527673] | |||
LY456066 | Drug Info | [530229] | |||
LY456236 | Drug Info | [543745] | |||
MK-5435 | Drug Info | [530953] | |||
PHCCC | Drug Info | [543745] | |||
R214127 | Drug Info | [526599] | |||
Ro01-6128 | Drug Info | [526172] | |||
Ro0711401 | Drug Info | [529978] | |||
Ro67-4853 | Drug Info | [526172] | |||
Ro67-7476 | Drug Info | [526172] | |||
VU-71 | Drug Info | [527685] | |||
VU0469650 | Drug Info | [532381] | |||
YM-202074 | Drug Info | [529237] | |||
YM298198 | Drug Info | [527604] | |||
[11C]MMTP | Drug Info | [530938] | |||
[18F]FITM | Drug Info | [531425] | |||
[18F]FPIT | Drug Info | [531514] | |||
[18F]MK-1312 | Drug Info | [530953] | |||
[3H]EM-TBPC | Drug Info | [526499] | |||
[3H]R214127 | Drug Info | [526599] | |||
[3H]YM298198 | Drug Info | [527604] | |||
Modulator | AZD-9272 | Drug Info | [536374] | ||
LY-3390334 | Drug Info | ||||
Target Expression Profile (TEP) and Drug Resistance Mutation (DRM) | |||||
TEP | EXP Info | ||||
Pathways | |||||
KEGG Pathway | Calcium signaling pathway | ||||
FoxO signaling pathway | |||||
Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction | |||||
Gap junction | |||||
Long-term potentiation | |||||
Retrograde endocannabinoid signaling | |||||
Glutamatergic synapse | |||||
Long-term depression | |||||
Estrogen signaling pathway | |||||
PANTHER Pathway | Heterotrimeric G-protein signaling pathway-Gq alpha and Go alpha mediated pathway | ||||
Metabotropic glutamate receptor group III pathway | |||||
Metabotropic glutamate receptor group I pathway | |||||
Endogenous cannabinoid signaling | |||||
Reactome | G alpha (q) signalling events | ||||
Class C/3 (Metabotropic glutamate/pheromone receptors) | |||||
WikiPathways | Hypothetical Network for Drug Addiction | ||||
GPCRs, Class C Metabotropic glutamate, pheromone | |||||
Gastrin-CREB signalling pathway via PKC and MAPK | |||||
GPCR ligand binding | |||||
GPCR downstream signaling | |||||
GPCRs, Other | |||||
References | |||||
Ref 538856 | (http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/) Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 1379). | ||||
Ref 540575 | (http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/) Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 3953). | ||||
Ref 541579 | (http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/) Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 6439). | ||||
Ref 542657 | (http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/) Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7678). | ||||
Ref 546917 | Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800011092) | ||||
Ref 548096 | Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800021875) | ||||
Ref 525454 | Anticonvulsant actions of LY 367385 ((+)-2-methyl-4-carboxyphenylglycine) and AIDA ((RS)-1-aminoindan-1,5-dicarboxylic acid). Eur J Pharmacol. 1999 Feb 26;368(1):17-24. | ||||
Ref 525552 | Biochemical and electrophysiological studies on (S)-(+)-2-(3'-carboxybicyclo(1.1.1)pentyl)-glycine (CBPG), a novel mGlu5 receptor agonist endowed with mGlu1 receptor antagonist activity. Neuropharmacology. 1999 Jul;38(7):917-26. | ||||
Ref 525911 | Characterization of [(3)H]Quisqualate binding to recombinant rat metabotropic glutamate 1a and 5a receptors and to rat and human brain sections. J Neurochem. 2000 Dec;75(6):2590-601. | ||||
Ref 526001 | Synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-(3'-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl) bicyclo[1.1.1]pent-1-yl)glycine (S-TBPG), a novel mGlu1 receptor antagonist. Bioorg Med Chem. 2001 Feb;9(2):221-7. | ||||
Ref 526030 | BAY36-7620: a potent non-competitive mGlu1 receptor antagonist with inverse agonist activity. Mol Pharmacol. 2001 May;59(5):965-73. | ||||
Ref 526172 | Positive allosteric modulators of metabotropic glutamate 1 receptor: characterization, mechanism of action, and binding site. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Nov 6;98(23):13402-7. Epub 2001 Oct 23. | ||||
Ref 526337 | The novel and systemically active metabotropic glutamate 1 (mGlu1) receptor antagonist 3-MATIDA reduces post-ischemic neuronal death. Neuropharmacology. 2002 May;42(6):741-51. | ||||
Ref 526481 | Synthesis and pharmacological characterisation of 2,4-dicarboxy-pyrroles as selective non-competitive mGluR1 antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem. 2003 Jan 17;11(2):171-83. | ||||
Ref 526499 | Mutational analysis and molecular modeling of the allosteric binding site of a novel, selective, noncompetitive antagonist of the metabotropic glutamate 1 receptor. J Biol Chem. 2003 Mar 7;278(10):8340-7. Epub 2002 Dec 30. | ||||
Ref 526599 | [3H]R214127: a novel high-affinity radioligand for the mGlu1 receptor reveals a common binding site shared by multiple allosteric antagonists. Mol Pharmacol. 2003 May;63(5):1082-93. | ||||
Ref 527483 | Synthesis, structure-activity relationship, and receptor pharmacology of a new series of quinoline derivatives acting as selective, noncompetitive mGlu1 antagonists. J Med Chem. 2005 Mar 24;48(6):2134-53. | ||||
Ref 527604 | Radioligand binding properties and pharmacological characterization of 6-amino-N-cyclohexyl-N,3-dimethylthiazolo[3,2-a]benzimidazole-2-carboxamide (YM-298198), a high-affinity, selective, and noncompetitive antagonist of metabotropic glutamate receptor type 1. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2005 Oct;315(1):163-9. Epub 2005 Jun 23. | ||||
Ref 527673 | A positron emission tomography radioligand for the in vivo labeling of metabotropic glutamate 1 receptor: (3-ethyl-2-[11C]methyl-6-quinolinyl)(cis- 4-methoxycyclohexyl)methanone. J Med Chem. 2005 Aug11;48(16):5096-9. | ||||
Ref 527685 | 9H-Xanthene-9-carboxylic acid [1,2,4]oxadiazol-3-yl- and (2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-amides as potent, orally available mGlu1 receptor enhancers. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2005 Oct 15;15(20):4628-31. | ||||
Ref 527859 | Structure-activity relationship of triazafluorenone derivatives as potent and selective mGluR1 antagonists. J Med Chem. 2005 Nov 17;48(23):7374-88. | ||||
Ref 528497 | Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2007 Jan 15;17(2):486-90. Epub 2006 Oct 11.Structure-activity relationships of novel non-competitive mGluR1 antagonists: a potential treatment for chronic pain. | ||||
Ref 528654 | From pyrroles to 1-oxo-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-beta-carbolines: a new class of orally bioavailable mGluR1 antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2007 Apr 15;17(8):2254-9. Epub 2007 Jan 25. | ||||
Ref 528732 | Pharmacological characterization of a new, orally active and potent allosteric metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 antagonist, 4-[1-(2-fluoropyridin-3-yl)-5-methyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl]-N-isopropyl-N-methyl-3,6-dihydropyridine-1(2H)-carboxamide (FTIDC). J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2007 Jun;321(3):1144-53. Epub 2007 Mar 14. | ||||
Ref 528867 | Rapid hit to lead evaluation of pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-one as selective and orally bioavailable mGluR1 antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2007 Aug 1;17(15):4303-7. Epub 2007 May 16. | ||||
Ref 528879 | Comparison of the mGluR1 antagonist A-841720 in rat models of pain and cognition. Behav Pharmacol. 2007 Jul;18(4):273-81. | ||||
Ref 529001 | J Med Chem. 2007 Sep 20;50(19):4630-41. Epub 2007 Aug 29.Synthesis, molecular modeling studies, and preliminary pharmacological characterization of all possible 2-(2'-sulfonocyclopropyl)glycine stereoisomers as conformationally constrained L-homocysteic acid analogs. | ||||
Ref 529092 | Discovery of orally efficacious tetracyclic metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (mGluR1) antagonists for the treatment of chronic pain. J Med Chem. 2007 Nov 15;50(23):5550-3. Epub 2007 Oct 11. | ||||
Ref 529237 | Neuroprotective effects of the selective type 1 metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonist YM-202074 in rat stroke models. Brain Res. 2008 Jan 29;1191:168-79. | ||||
Ref 529241 | J Med Chem. 2008 Feb 14;51(3):634-47. Epub 2008 Jan 4.Positive and negative modulation of group I metabotropic glutamate receptors. | ||||
Ref 529695 | Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2008 Oct 15;18(20):5626-30. Epub 2008 Aug 29.Positive allosteric modulators of the metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 4 (mGluR4): Part I. Discovery of pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines as novel mGluR4 positive allosteric modulators. | ||||
Ref 529978 | Fluorinated 9H-xanthene-9-carboxylic acid oxazol-2-yl-amides as potent, orally available mGlu1 receptor enhancers. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2009 Mar 15;19(6):1666-9. | ||||
Ref 530023 | Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2009 Apr 15;19(8):2190-4. Epub 2009 Mar 3.In vitro and in vivo SAR of pyrido[3,4-d]pyramid-4-ylamine based mGluR1 antagonists. | ||||
Ref 530068 | Unique antipsychotic activities of the selective metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 allosteric antagonist 2-cyclopropyl-5-[1-(2-fluoro-3-pyridinyl)-5-methyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl]-2,3-dihydro-1H-isoindol-1-one. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2009 Jul;330(1):179-90. | ||||
Ref 530130 | Tricyclic thienopyridine-pyrimidones/thienopyrimidine-pyrimidones as orally efficacious mGluR1 antagonists for neuropathic pain. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2009 Jun 15;19(12):3199-203. | ||||
Ref 530229 | Identification of a novel transmembrane domain involved in the negative modulation of mGluR1 using a newly discovered allosteric mGluR1 antagonist, 3-cyclohexyl-5-fluoro-6-methyl-7-(2-morpholin-4-ylethoxy)-4H-chromen-4-one. Neuropharmacology. 2009 Sep;57(4):438-45. | ||||
Ref 530245 | Bioorg Med Chem. 2009 Aug 1;17(15):5708-15. Epub 2009 Jun 23.Synergism of virtual screening and medicinal chemistry: identification and optimization of allosteric antagonists of metabotropic glutamate receptor 1. | ||||
Ref 530473 | Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2009 Dec 1;19(23):6623-6. Epub 2009 Oct 9.Discovery and SAR of 6-substituted-4-anilinoquinazolines as non-competitive antagonists of mGlu5. | ||||
Ref 530813 | A-ring modifications on the triazafluorenone core structure and their mGluR1 antagonist properties. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2010 Apr 15;20(8):2474-7. | ||||
Ref 530938 | Synthesis, in vitro and in vivo evaluation of [11C]MMTP: a potential PET ligand for mGluR1 receptors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2010 Jun 15;20(12):3499-501. | ||||
Ref 530953 | Synthesis, characterization, and monkey PET studies of [???]MK-1312, a PET tracer for quantification of mGluR1 receptor occupancy by MK-5435. Synapse. 2011 Feb;65(2):125-35. | ||||
Ref 531019 | Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2010 Aug 1;20(15):4371-5. Epub 2010 Jun 17.Carbamoyloximes as novel non-competitive mGlu5 receptor antagonists. | ||||
Ref 531308 | Synthesis and evaluation of 6-[1-(2-[(18)F]fluoro-3-pyridyl)-5-methyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl]quinoline for positron emission tomography imaging of the metabotropic glutamate receptor type 1 in brain. Bioorg Med Chem. 2011 Jan 1;19(1):102-10. | ||||
Ref 531425 | Radiosynthesis and preliminary evaluation of 4-[18F]fluoro-N-[4-[6-(isopropylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-N-methylbenzamide as a new positron emission tomography ligand for metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 1. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2011 May 15;21(10):2998-3001. | ||||
Ref 531514 | Characterization of 1-(2-[18F] fluoro-3-pyridyl)-4-(2-isopropyl-1-oxo- isoindoline-5-yl)-5-methyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole, a PET ligand for imaging the metabotropic glutamate receptor type 1 in rat and monkey brains. J Neurochem. 2012 Apr;121(1):115-24. | ||||
Ref 531767 | Fused tricyclic mGluR1 antagonists for the treatment of neuropathic pain. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2012 Feb 15;22(4):1575-8. | ||||
Ref 532091 | Synthesis and SAR development of novel mGluR1 antagonists for the treatment of chronic pain. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2012 Dec 1;22(23):7223-6. | ||||
Ref 532381 | N-Acyl-N'-arylpiperazines as negative allosteric modulators of mGlu1: identification of VU0469650, a potent and selective tool compound with CNS exposure in rats. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2013 Jul 1;23(13):3713-8. | ||||
Ref 534590 | J Med Chem. 1998 Mar 12;41(6):930-9.Excitatory amino acid receptor ligands: resolution, absolute stereochemistry, and enantiopharmacology of 2-amino-3-(4-butyl-3-hydroxyisoxazol-5-yl)propionic acid. | ||||
Ref 535907 | Comparative study of action mechanisms of dimebon and memantine on AMPA- and NMDA-subtypes glutamate receptors in rat cerebral neurons. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2003 Nov;136(5):474-7. |
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